The manuscripts, and other cultural heritage in Mali, were imperilled during the Mali War, prompting an evacuation effort from Timbuktu to other locations.Įarly scribes translated works of numerous well-known individuals (such as Plato, Hippocrates, and Avicenna) as well as reproduced a "twenty-eight volume Arabic language dictionary called The Mukham, written by an Andalusian scholar in the mid-eleventh century." : 25 Original books from Timbuktu have been written by local scientists, historians, philosophers, and versemakers. Their subject matter ranges from scholarly works to short letters.Īfter the decline of the Mali Empire, the manuscripts were kept in the homes of Timbuktu locals, before research and digitisation efforts began in the 20th and 21st century. The dates of the manuscripts range between the late 13th and the early 20th centuries (i.e., from the Islamisation of the Mali Empire until the decline of traditional education in French Sudan). The manuscripts are written in Arabic and several African languages, in the Ajami script this includes, but is not limited to, Fula, Songhay, Tamasheq, Bambara, and Soninke. The number of manuscripts in the collections has been estimated as high as 700,000. The collections include manuscripts about art, medicine, philosophy, and science, as well as copies of the Quran. Timbuktu Manuscripts (or Tombouctou Manuscripts) is a blanket term for the large number of historically significant manuscripts that have been preserved for centuries in private households in Timbuktu, a city in northern Mali. A manuscript page from Timbuktu showing a table of astronomical information From the Mamma Haidara Commemorative Library, Timbuktu. Manuscripts preserved in Timbuktu, Mali A manuscript page from Timbuktu Manuscript of Nasir al-Din Abu al-Abbas Ahmad ibn al-Hajj al-Amin al-Tawathi al-Ghalawi's Kashf al-Ghummah fi Nafa al-Ummah.
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